Dr. Alina Lyons DMD

 Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing or shallow breaths during sleep. These pauses can last from a few seconds to minutes and may occur multiple times throughout the night. 

There are three main types of sleep apnea:

• Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): Caused by the relaxation of throat muscles, leading to blocked airflow.
• Central Sleep Apnea (CSA): Results from the brain failing to send signals to the muscles that control breathing.
• Mixed Sleep Apnea: A combination of obstructive and central sleep apnea.

Common symptoms of sleep apnea include:

• Loud snoring
• Gasping or choking sensations during sleep
• Excessive daytime sleepiness
• Morning headaches
• Difficulty concentrating
• Irritability

Treatment for sleep apnea depends on the severity of the condition and individual factors. Some common treatment options include:

1. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Therapy: CPAP therapy involves wearing a mask connected to a machine that delivers a continuous flow of air to keep the airway open during sleep. This is often the first-line treatment for moderate to severe sleep apnea.
2. Oral Appliance Therapy: Oral appliances, also known as mandibular advancement devices (MADs), are custom-made devices that help keep the airway open by repositioning the lower jaw and tongue during sleep. They are commonly used for individuals with mild to moderate sleep apnea or those who cannot tolerate CPAP therapy.
3. Lifestyle Modifications: Certain lifestyle changes can help improve symptoms of sleep apnea. These may include weight loss, regular exercise, avoiding alcohol and sedatives before bedtime, and sleeping on your side rather than your back.
4. Surgery: In some cases, surgery may be recommended to address anatomical issues contributing to sleep apnea. Surgical options may include removing excess tissue from the throat, reshaping the jaw, or implanting devices to support the airway.
5. Positional Therapy: For individuals whose sleep apnea is primarily positional (worsens when sleeping on the back), positional therapy techniques such as wearing special devices or using pillows to maintain side-sleeping positions may be beneficial.
6. Combination Therapy: In certain situations, a combination of treatments may be recommended to effectively manage sleep apnea. For example, some individuals may benefit from using both CPAP therapy and oral appliances.

It's important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the most appropriate treatment plan based on individual needs, preferences, and the severity of sleep apnea.